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382

Title *

The role of semantic encoding in production-enhanced memoryuse asterix (*) to get italics

Authors *

Roembke, Tanja C; Brown, Rachel MPlease use the format "First name initials family name" as in "Marie S. Curie, Niels H. D. Bohr, Albert Einstein, John R. R. Tolkien, Donna T. Strickland"

Year *

2023

Picture

Abstract *

<p>Words that are read aloud are recognized and recalled more accurately than words that are read silently (the production effect). The production effect is a robust memory phenomenon that has been found with a range of materials and manipulations. Nevertheless, mechanisms underlying the production effect are still unclear possibly because speaking may engage different linguistic representations. A recent study reports that the production effect was reduced but not eliminated when semantic recognition was disrupted, suggesting a role of semantic encoding in the production effect. In line with this, we hypothesize that production increases spreading activation from proximate orthographic and phonological representations to more remote semantic ones. For bilinguals, activation may then also spread to orthographic and phonological representations in the different language, consistent with the idea that semantic representations are shared across languages. If production enhances semantic encoding in this way, the production effect should not only be reduced when semantic recognition is disrupted, but it should also persist when only semantic recognition is possible. The goal of the proposed study is therefore to test this prediction in two experiments by manipulating how items are presented at recognition. We suggest that written words can only be later recognized as pictures or as translations if those words had been processed semantically at learning. Thus, we predict that a production effect should be observed even if recognition items are presented as pictures or translations (semantic-only recognition), but it should reduce in this case if it relies on multiple linguistic representations.</p>

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Keywords (optional)

Cognition, memory, production effect, language, encoding

Methods that require specific expertise (optional)

NonePlease indicate the methods that may require specialised expertise during the peer review process (use a comma to separate various required expertises).

Thematic fields *

Social sciences

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Submission date

2023-01-30 13:06:05

Recommender

Chris Chambers

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